08:30:37 From Jason Downing : Good morning everyone! Is the grad and postdoc slide show playing for everyone? 08:30:51 From Oralee Nudson : yes 08:31:07 From Todd Sherman : I see someone in a frozen creek 08:31:14 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Here is the agenda: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CNLFGgN28phnHC7nN7lZd1uOPwMwGckLqATgSLoh32s/edit?usp=sharing 08:36:23 From Jason Downing : And here is the order of speed talks for today:https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a6Sl9moatcbgRaVyl8zImaBsDdllUjme/view?usp=sharing 08:38:08 From Alison York to Jason Downing(Privately) : Hi Jason, hoping you are planning to record once we get started for real 08:41:11 From Theresa Woldstad : Good morning everyone. 08:41:27 From Christa Mulder : Good morning, Theresa! 08:41:56 From Theresa Woldstad : Good morning Christa! 08:42:44 From Theresa Woldstad : Hi Christa. I hope things are going well for you. Its been a while since I was able to see anyone from UAF. 08:44:12 From glennjuday : Good morning to all. It’s -7 on the UAF campus. There is some light just starting to appear, and a purple sky around a break in the clouds to the south near the Alaska Range. 08:45:55 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Brrrr! 08:46:21 From Christa Mulder : Good morning everyone. You've got 15 minutes or so before we officially get started... time to make one more cup of coffee... 08:46:45 From Michelle Cailin Mack : How is the weather in Hawaii, Mark? 08:47:12 From mark waldrop : hey michelle. As you’d expect. I’m not going to complain 08:54:02 From glennjuday : I came in to the office to avoid interruptions, but the facilities workers are blowing snow off the loading dock RIGHT outside my window. Just about to finish I hope! 08:54:38 From Alison York to Jason Downing(Privately) : HI Jason, are you planning to record this? 08:55:27 From Alison York to Jason Downing(Privately) : just saw your email, thanks. we can host it if you want 08:55:54 From Michelle Cailin Mack : https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CNLFGgN28phnHC7nN7lZd1uOPwMwGckLqATgSLoh32s/edit?usp=sharing 08:57:57 From David Mollett : David Mollett is actually Jessie Hedden 08:58:02 From Jason Downing to Teresa Hollingsworth(Privately) : https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Vkpfx33TEJDYZCp6tvWMQEQ0ZSOtXQVs?usp=sharing 08:58:58 From Mario Muscarella : Once upon a time I lived there Lee 08:59:25 From Mary Beth Leigh to Jason Downing(Privately) : Not sure if it’s just my screen, but there’s a grey box blocking the top of the slides. Can you see that too? 08:59:46 From Michelle Cailin Mack : https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CNLFGgN28phnHC7nN7lZd1uOPwMwGckLqATgSLoh32s/edit?usp=sharing 09:00:06 From Jason Downing to Mary Beth Leigh(Privately) : No, it seems to be where my screen share controls are... 09:01:43 From Roger Ruess to Jason Downing(Privately) : Hey Jason - how do we get rid of than annoying bell?? thanks 09:02:02 From Rebecca B Neumann to Jason Downing(Privately) : Hi Jason! I am curious about the lightening talks. Am I giving a talk this morning? 09:02:28 From Teresa Hollingsworth to Jason Downing(Privately) : If you want to send me a link for the speed talks that would be awesome. But I don’t need to give a talk… There are A LOT of talks and it will already take way way too long. 09:02:45 From Jason Downing : http://www.lter.uaf.edu/sympo/2020/SpeedTalksBattingOrder_2020-11-16.pdf 09:05:17 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Awesome. Welcome talented artists! We are happy you are here. 09:05:30 From Theresa Woldstad : Thank you for having us! 09:16:55 From Jason Downing to Jay Jones(Privately) : are you presenting Rogers slides or is he? 09:30:28 From mark waldrop : Can we see the entire order? (I”ll need to run to another meeting from 10-11 ak time) 09:30:42 From mark waldrop : I see it 09:31:16 From Jay Jones : https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hWJTM6cgUi2sRjPH27gLqbcdOQdoHALX/edit#gid=1513251827 09:31:24 From Jay Jones : Grand Challenges 09:31:54 From Jay Jones : Materials for Day 1 09:31:55 From Jay Jones : https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1e9v9tdhb6qBGoSbxFWw4hAqpQSy9hHTT 09:38:05 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Happy moss! 09:38:13 From Mary Beth Leigh : :) 09:38:24 From William Cox : :) 09:38:37 From Moss (Jen) : :) 09:39:26 From Helene Genet : Yes Tamara! Lets talk more about the N-climate feedback! 09:44:51 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : The old adage is that deciduous stands don’t burn severely but Mike Flannigan talks frequently about how this “legacy” will not continue in a warmer future. 09:45:39 From Brian Buma : I imagine it won't. we have data from reburned deciduous stands (interval about 15 years or so). accepted in ecosphere, should be out in a month or so. Katherine Hayes lead author 09:47:40 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Thanks Brian! Look forward to reading that! 09:48:09 From Mary Beth Leigh : For people unfamiliar with this topic, most trees require a symbiotic fungus associated with their roots to survive. The type of fungus can affect how successful the tree is. 09:50:54 From Jessie Robertson : It would be interesting to see if there is a relationship between fungal associations and water uptake 09:51:59 From Jessie Robertson : there is a lot of reverse flow from the trees that likely alters soil moisture in the root system 09:55:10 From Mary Beth Leigh : In simple terms (I think), soil organic matter is important for storing carbon that would otherwise be in the atmosphere. When there are frequent fires, Shabaga et. al are finding that microbes are decomposing that carbon more - and other unknowns are also causing the C to be lost to the atmosphere. This means more C in the atmosphere that can warm the climate more. Others, correct me if I misinterpreted that. 09:56:07 From Christa Mulder : I love your "translations", Mary Beth! 09:56:51 From Mary Beth Leigh : Thanks! Everyone is invited to help. And, please ask questions if you’re feeling lost! 10:00:01 From Brody Lane Shappell : Indeed- thanks for the translations! 10:00:08 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Mary Beth, we are starting to refer to these feedback loops as “vicious cycles” and both fire and permafrost thaw are good examples. 10:02:09 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Something that is important to clarify is that northern fires certainly burn fuels in vegetation (such as in the trees) but MOST of what burns in these fires is actually on the ground. Moss and peat (organic and thus carbon rich soils) is fueling these fires. How much peat is consumed dictates post-fire plant recovery. So these are interesting interactions between fire, soils, and vegetation 10:02:31 From Mary Beth Leigh : Landsat is the use of satellite imagery to gather data. Here, it’s being used to characterize changes in the boreal forest over time. A sort of storytelling, perhaps? 10:04:15 From Mary Beth Leigh : Future scenarios development is a scientific tool for predicting the future based on info from the past. 10:06:43 From Helene Genet : Yes - model inter-comparison would be really interesting on these questions of attribution. 10:08:00 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : To all the fire and scenario folks on this call, is anyone thinking about scenario development for changing fire on peatlands? It is happening at the same time but I don’t see many people working their way through this. Just curious! 10:08:28 From Michelle Cailin Mack : We need to tackle this! 10:09:17 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Great! 10:09:50 From Tamara Harms (she/her) : Merritt: can you define peatlands here please? 10:11:03 From msluc : No, but it would be great. We are working on uplands. I think models don't do a great job with peatlands, IMO. 10:12:04 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Randi just asked me individually if Alaska actually has true peatlands. It is a good question! Let me explain. Peatlands are defined as ecosystems that have accumulated at least 40cm of peat. Peatlands include bogs (rain fed systems) and fens (influenced by surface mineral and groundwater flow). 10:12:33 From Randi Jandt : Exciting concept about the structual changes and reduced fire feedbacks Brian. Could be somewhat explanatory to paleoecological findings of frequent fire in interior AK in previous warmer climates in AK. 10:12:51 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Do you include fabric in the 40 cm of peat? 10:13:04 From Teresa Hollingsworth to Jason Downing(Privately) : I uploaded my talk :) 10:13:22 From Michelle Cailin Mack : The should have been “fibric” as in the less decomposed layer about humic 10:13:37 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Does Alaska have true peatlands. Yes for sure. They are not mapped that well and they tend to be thinner in peat thickness than in Canada. But they are out there. At the same time, Alaska has wonderful examples of ecosystems with a huge range of peat thickness from thin to thick. It’s all a grand soil gradient! 10:13:58 From Randi Jandt : Taiga/tundra of southwestern AK should border on the definition of "peatland" then, but I still don't have a good idea of the extent. Matt Macander? 10:14:05 From Helene Genet : Looking at OL thickness across the landscape with associated soil moisture and soil temperature, I think the definition of peatland with only OL thickness is rather limiting. 10:14:28 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Michelle - yes to fibric being included. Poorly decomposed moss is mostly what comprises boreal peat. 10:14:49 From Helene Genet : A lot of the sites I’m looking at have thick organic layers with hydrological regimes that are more similar to uplands than lowland/peatland 10:15:49 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Helene - that is the definition though according to wetland classification schemes. I am not beholden to wetland classification schemes, but that is what we use! Peatlands often function similar to forests, so I am not surprised by your last comment! Peatlands as wetlands or peatlands as forests????? 10:15:49 From Michelle Cailin Mack : https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CNLFGgN28phnHC7nN7lZd1uOPwMwGckLqATgSLoh32s/edit?usp=sharing 10:16:34 From William Cox : Is it more of a gradient than a clear cut category? re: peatland systems 10:17:14 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Will - yes I definitely think this way! 10:17:35 From Helene Genet : Models don’t deal well with gradients … 10:17:58 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Helene - that is a grand challenge for us!! 10:18:22 From William Cox : That's always the issue, isn't it? Models hate gradients, but nature loves them :) 10:18:24 From Helene Genet : Having an ecological definition of peatland is critical for regional simulations 10:19:14 From Helene Genet : Right William ! 10:20:45 From Michelle Cailin Mack : That is why we are trying to move from the spruce-deciduous tree dichotomy to continuous gradients of compostion 10:21:24 From Brian Buma : Totally. The breakdown makes sense at coarse scales but once you really get into the details it doesn't holdup well 10:22:03 From msluc : What do you mean specifically that models hate gradients? 10:22:37 From Katie Spellman : Tell people to skip the second slide! 10:22:50 From msluc : Yes, I like that idea 10:26:05 From Helene Genet : msluc: Ecosystem models simulate the landscape by categories - for instance vegetation communities such as black spruce forest, deciduous forest …. Each categories are defined by a set of parameters (such as aboveground biomass at 100 years old). 10:27:14 From Mary Beth Leigh to Jason Downing(Privately) : Is the chime associated with the chat? I wonder if there’s a way to mute it. 10:36:16 From Helene Genet : Melissa (sorry I didn’t identified you based on your initials - please don’t mind the simplistic answer) - Biosphere models that are using “static” parameterizations and stand models like Landis have both complementary strength and coupling these models together could really improve large regional simulations of ecosystem dynamic. 10:36:21 From Robin Andrews BNZ : the glass museum plants were very cool 10:36:56 From Christa Mulder : https://hmnh.harvard.edu/glass-flowers 10:37:00 From Jason Downing to Mary Beth Leigh(Privately) : The chime is when people enter or leave and I think it is a preference that I can't change mid-meeting 10:37:22 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : Speaking of glass art and all of our amazing artists: the microbe museum in Amsterdam has some really amazing glass pieces for bacteria and fungi. I highly recommend 10:37:48 From Christa Mulder : here is the a rotting fruit in glass site: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/glass-models-harvard-diseased-fruit#:~:text=The%20decaying%20fruits%20were%20made,Lincoln%20Goodale%2C%20as%20teaching%20tools. 10:38:22 From Christa Mulder : Mario, I would love to see those. Next time I go visit my mom it will need to be on my list! 10:39:09 From Mary Beth Leigh : Interesting that the rotting fruits are a way to document fungi! 10:39:28 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : Here is one of the current exhibitions: https://www.lukejerram.com/glass/exhibitions 10:39:53 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : And a link for the museum if you haven’t heard about it: https://www.micropia.nl/en/visit/what-is-micropia/museum-microbes/ 10:39:55 From Jason Shabaga : Merrit that's fascinating r.e. zombie fires in Siberia. I assume the projection that climate change will only help increase the prevalence on the landscape? 10:40:28 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : We welcome glass collaborators 10:41:03 From Michelle Cailin Mack : So decoupling ignition from lightening in wetlands 10:41:17 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : @Jason that seems intuitive but I think it is complicated. Many of the Siberian fires are occurring on ice-rich permafrost so inundation will certainly be a negative feedback to future fire. So there may be regional increases in ground fire but some opposite local effects 10:41:23 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : DNA sequences to music: https://theconversation.com/what-does-dna-sound-like-using-music-to-unlock-the-secrets-of-genetic-code-78767 10:41:39 From Christa Mulder : Mario, love it! 10:41:48 From Jason Downing to Mary Beth Leigh(Privately) : I found the chime killer! 10:42:05 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : That’s awesome Terry. Congrats. 10:44:22 From Jason Shabaga : @Merritt - Thanks, the bigger picture is clearly important here. Easy to oversimplify from the sidelines. :) Have you you seen a similar pattern in the NWT? 10:45:17 From Roger Ruess to Jason Downing(Privately) : Hey Jason - how to I select a photo for my video off screen? I can see where the virtual background can be selected - but what about just a photo instead?? 10:46:00 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : I think the Siberian fires are the most dramatic examples - we have seen some overwintering in Canada and Alaska but nothing that extreme. 10:46:35 From Jason Downing to Roger Ruess(Privately) : Click on the … in the upper right corner of your picture square and it should be one of the options 10:47:29 From Roger Ruess to Jason Downing(Privately) : yeah, helplessly I don't see that 10:48:11 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : For anyone interested in zombie fires, here is an illustration that may be of interest! https://twitter.com/zodpaint/status/1328368171154239492 10:48:34 From Roger Ruess to Jason Downing(Privately) : not a crisis 10:48:48 From Jason Downing to Roger Ruess(Privately) : sorry, there are lots of view modes so hard to know what you are seeing 10:50:30 From Mary Beth Leigh : Great zombie fire figure! Thanks, Merritt! 10:50:39 From Alison York : Randi put together a great story about the “zombie” fires of 1942 in Alaska with climate input from Rick Thomas: https://akfireconsortium.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/afsc_rb_2020_1.pdf 10:51:17 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : So awesome Alison. And Randi! 10:51:42 From Alison York : Thoman 10:53:31 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Another grand challenge raised by Teresa. How can information on good fire help us prevent bad fire? 10:54:07 From Christa Mulder : Teresa and Emilia, I would love to chat more about plant life history strategies and phenology and how it relates to flammability. 10:54:27 From Jason Downing to glennjuday(Privately) : are you back? 10:54:39 From Mary Beth Leigh : Well phrased - I added the good/bad fire idea to the spreadsheet. 10:55:53 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Christa - I was part of a working group that thought about the evolution of flammability traits and bryophytes were pretty important to that story. This was more global, but it would be awesome to drill into northern plants (vasc + nonvasc). 10:57:26 From glennjuday to Jason Downing(Privately) : Yes, reboot worked. 10:57:45 From Christa Mulder : Merritt - yes, it would. Also in terms of feedbacks to changes in composition. We've done some work showing that invasives, which thrive post-fire, can be both restricted and advanced by moss, depending on the species. 10:58:12 From Mary Beth Leigh : Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient for plant growth in the boreal forest ecosystem. Jay Jones’ group is seeing that lots of N is flowing into streams and then being lost from the ecosystem as it washes away. Microbes may be converted dead organics into soluble forms of N that wash away. Thawing permafrost may be helping this happen in a larger quantity of soil. 10:58:33 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Taliks are kind of like zombie fires—for microbes! 10:58:48 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : :) 10:59:51 From William Cox : Merritt- I'd love to be involved with a bryo-microclimate-fire interaction story if there's an opportunity. 11:00:31 From Christa Mulder : Following up on Mary Beth: Nitrogen is a very big deal because it is limiting to almost every species: plants, animals, fungi, bacteria... they all need it to make protein and other components that are critical to life. The exception is bacteria that can take N out of the air, where it is very abundant. So any time there is a shift in where N goes, it matters. 11:00:37 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Michelle that is actually a really interesting analogy. I am interested in these subsurface changes and important they are to surface processes. This is sort of a test of our connectivity hypothesis. I wonder if there are other examples….? 11:00:54 From Teresa Hollingsworth : MRT and Christa- maybe the three of us can put together a “working group” on this. I would really like to see this be a bigger part of the next proposal 11:01:22 From Helene Genet : Vladimir - is this talik development you showed in your first slide observed at the BNZ bore hole site? 11:01:23 From Mary Beth Leigh : The active layer of soil is the surface layer that usually thaws in summer and refreezes in winter. Romanovsky is finding that it’s stopped freezing in the winter in 2017-2020 for the first time since monitoring started in 1995. 11:01:28 From Teresa Hollingsworth : Christa- YES! The phenology part is my “future” thinking. And it would be great to think more about life history traits of the two species we looked at. We looked at Vaculi and Hylocomium and measured traits across a variety of sites and then linked them to environmental gradients 11:01:33 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Yes! And we have a moss loving PhD student (Will) to help! 11:01:59 From Christa Mulder : Teresa, Merritt, William, sounds like a great topic for a follow-up conversation! 11:02:25 From Jessie Robertson : Sounds like an open area of research 11:03:21 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : @Jessie - we use bryophyte species change as an indication of talik formation and early thaw (prior to thermokarst formation). The mosses are the Lorax of change! This is Will Cox’ thesis work. Vlad, this might work in some areas and not others I recognize. 11:03:48 From Teresa Hollingsworth : I love to hear of Moss loving PhD students! 11:03:50 From Jessie Robertson : Very cool! I wonder about the isotopic trace gas signature emitting from these areas... 11:04:10 From Jessie Robertson : if there a signature we can observe 11:04:49 From Mary Beth Leigh to Jason Downing(Privately) : Hi Jason! Artists are asking if we’ll have access to the saved chat. 11:05:40 From Mary Beth Leigh to Jason Downing(Privately) : PS you’re doing an awesome job 11:08:40 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Whose roots and mycorrhiza are exploiting taliks? 11:09:02 From Jessie Robertson : I've looked at plant water uptake in response to talik development 11:09:37 From Jason Downing to Mary Beth Leigh(Privately) : It should be captured automatically but I will try to copy it as well 11:09:37 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Are there roots exploring taliks? 11:09:55 From Jessie Robertson : There's more work that can be done, but the plants will exploit the space. There's not a ton of roots down there but enough to access the water that becomes availble 11:09:59 From Jessie Robertson : available 11:10:21 From Jessie Robertson : which is important particularly in dry years or dry periods 11:10:34 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Is talik water isotopically different than frozen water? 11:11:06 From Jessie Robertson : there is enough variability to partition water sources 11:11:27 From Jessie Robertson : I'll need to remind myself of the level of variation 11:11:28 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Cool! Or really, warm! 11:12:00 From Mary Beth Leigh : Nice flower-shaped conceptual diagram, Merritt! 11:12:50 From ursel schuette : Following Mary Beth & Christa Mulder: is part of the nitrogen limitation offset by increased microbial activity with permafrost thaw making nitrogen more available? Obviously the washing out of nitrogen into the river is a big shift in the nitrogen regime and is a rapid change. 11:13:49 From Teresa Hollingsworth : MRT/TB: I know we talked about this when NASA AboVE first got funded, but it seems like there is definitely native knowledge that should be incorporated about permafrost thaw. I remember distinctly Caroline Brown talking about an elder in maybe? Koyukuk that has been monitoring changes in permafrost for 30/40 years. 11:16:08 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : I would love this. We have learned a lot from local and traditional knowledge in the Northwest Territories. Most of this has focused on changes in fishing areas and I think Todd has heard similar stories from elders in Alaska. Another type of teleconnection perhaps…. 11:16:23 From Mary Beth Leigh : Ursel, that’s a good question. Maybe Jay and Tamara or others can help. 11:16:23 From Rebecca Eliza Hewitt : Let’s have a breakout group on fungal qSIP! 11:17:18 From Mary Beth Leigh : Yes on qSIP! 11:17:26 From Michelle Cailin Mack : We might need to be more inclusive! Bacteria and archea, too! 11:17:29 From Mary Beth Leigh : Translation: GHG = greenhouse gases 11:22:20 From Mary Beth Leigh : Translation from MC Leewis, coauthor with Waldrop: current permafrost carbon storage (no matter the age) is dependent on both microbial communities which are active below freezing over millennia and the climate present at the time of permafrost formation 11:24:32 From Michelle Cailin Mack : How do microbes that live below freezing experience time? 11:25:15 From msluc : covid time 11:25:35 From Christa Mulder : In that case I feel sorry for them... 11:27:19 From Mary Beth Leigh : Genet is finding that wet sites (lowlands, wetlands) are getting wetter and dry sites (uplands) are getting drier. 11:27:26 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : As long as they can meet their minimal energetic requirements: microbes can survive for extremely long periods of time. In lab experiments with soil isolates, we have found stable survival (maintained viability) in starvation conditions for 4+ yrs 11:30:08 From MC Leewis (USGS) : Using SIP we see evidence that microbes are generally happy (although sloooow growing) despite populations being in permafrost since the Pleistocene. Certainly the older the permafrost, the fewer intact cells, the slower the activity, and the lower the microbial biomass. 11:31:44 From mark waldrop : Microbes in permafrost experience time very slowly of course. Microbial turnover (replacement of biomass) may be 0.25/yr below freezing and 3 to 4/yr at 5C. Seasonal is another matter. They may have seasonal dynamics in ice but hasn’t been looked at yet 11:32:32 From Theresa Woldstad : Southeast Alaska would be an interesting area to discuss changing landscapes in terms of yellow cedar die-offs. The die-off is Traditionally, artists would harvest bark from historical sites that belonged to the clan. As logging roads increased in the Tongass Forest, artists were able to travel father into old growth forests and expand their ranges for harvest. Yet, die-offs have impacted several of these modern harvest locations as well as the traditional historical sites. 11:33:10 From Brian Buma : there are lots of culturally modified trees and practices that are still alive and well on the Tongas, we've done a lot with yellow-cedar decline 11:34:11 From Brian Buma : we've been tracking migration of YC and redcedar - we found a stand of redcedar far from the village that people would trek to just for the bark. there's a lot of knowledge in those communities re: the artistic tradition 11:34:40 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Hi microbial peeps, how important is microbial recruitment/migration? Should we be thinking about this as hydrologic connectivity changes both surface and subsurface? 11:34:51 From Mary Beth Leigh : Interesting, Theresa and Brian. I wonder if there are similar trends in interior forests and trees used for artistic/cultural practices. 11:34:52 From Brian Buma : yellow-cedar mortality due to snow loss rarely kills all the trees (usually about 70-80% of basal area) but the responsible bark harvesters won't overharvest, so that's squeezing supply 11:36:44 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Thanks Catherine! Go APEX! 11:36:58 From Michelle Cailin Mack to Jason Downing(Privately) : Is Knute out? 11:36:59 From William Cox : Whoo! APEX! 11:37:38 From Teresa Hollingsworth : MB: One thing that is interesting is that in the interior, fire burned trees are often used for furniture and the like, so the relationship is complicated. If we have an increase in fires we might get more usable trees. But not if too severe 11:37:52 From Jason Downing to Michelle Cailin Mack(Privately) : I think so unless Derek is here now but I think I goofed and he needed to go earlier because of a class. sorry 11:37:58 From MC Leewis (USGS) : Merritt - as permafrost thaws, I think microbial recruitment becomes really important. For example: In old (>33Ka) permafrost there’s a pool of labile C but no methanogens. Which microbes are recruited and how the permafrost thaws (e.g. gradual/inundated vs. abrupt) could have major impacts on the kind of C emitted as flux. 11:38:08 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : @Merritt: this is a very important topic and something we should all be working to address better. There is very strong evidence for migration from terrestrial to aquatic habitats, but some of our data shows that only select groups are recruited. Most are transient. But still a need to understand which group and why . 11:38:33 From Michelle Cailin Mack : The island biogeography of taliks 11:38:41 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : Yes please! 11:39:08 From MC Leewis (USGS) : Agreed! so cool (pun intended?)! :) 11:39:09 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Fascinating Mario! I think this is another grand challenge. Thaw bogs and lakes truly are an awesome test of island biogeography but also meta-community (meta-ecosystem?) theories. 11:39:36 From ursel schuette : @Merritt and @Mario @ MC: who is recruited may also depend on the environment the migrating microbes are passing by. So it is the environment suitable, can the microbes establish there 11:39:37 From Katie Craney : For further cultural understanding of yellow cedar and die off, look for “In Search of the Canary Tree” a book by Lauren E. Oakes 11:39:56 From Brian Buma : Yes, excellent read by Lauren, good suggestion. 11:40:02 From MC Leewis (USGS) : Stay tuned for a synthesis topic on microbial recruitment to permafrost that Jessica Ernakovich is leading as a part of the PCN 11:40:21 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : There is probably a good link between hydrologic connectivity and the migration/recruitment. Some interesting experiments could be developed to address this directly 11:41:18 From William Cox : Especially interesting considering we may see a lot more hydrological connectivity as ice-rich permafrost thaws. 11:41:48 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : This is fascinating and I think another grand challenge in terms of whether this is key to fate of thawing permafrost C and even fate of permafrost N 11:43:23 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : Due to the Reynolds number experienced by microbes, the recruitment of new surfaces during hydrologic flow will depend on water residence time. So as Ursel mentioned: soil conditions will have a huge impact 11:43:48 From Mary Beth Leigh : Yes, Merritt, Mario, etc. that’d be great if you can add these to the grand challenge sheet! https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hWJTM6cgUi2sRjPH27gLqbcdOQdoHALX/view?usp=sharing 11:45:10 From William Cox : Possible interactions too with concurrent changes in microclimate, veg, and soil matrix as P-frost thaws and deeper rooting plants may colonize and oxidize previously reduced soils 11:48:38 From Brian Buma : Roger - is there any major relationship between basal area and susceptibility to the infection? 11:49:25 From Christa Mulder : Roger, your talk made me think back to Jenny Rohr's work, where she found very different impacts of experimental infection in late summer vs. early fall in aspen. I wonder how much the immune system responses of alder differ by time of year. 11:49:55 From Helene Genet : Roger - from our soil moisture analysis: summer precipitation has veery little influence on soil moisture, but ET:PET (Modis estimates) shows much better correlation with soil moisture variations. 11:50:42 From Roger Ruess : Brian - yes stands with higher aspen basal area have higher incidence of canker 11:51:12 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Density dependent disease dynamics? 11:51:24 From Roger Ruess : Christa - yes, we think aspen are much more vulnerable to successful pathogen growth when they are infected in the fall - after photosynthesis is shut down 11:52:06 From Roger Ruess : yes, density dependence - but not in young stands where RGR, defenses and the immune system are strongly upregulated 11:52:41 From Mary Beth Leigh : Translation: On aspen trees with leaf-miner damage, the undamaged leaves work harder to compensate. This provides some growth resilience. But, there are still unknowns as to how the trees fully compensate. 11:54:18 From Brian Buma : Interesting. Kate Hayes data (I presented some of it, her paper will be out soon) have shifts to higher aspen density w/ 3 fires in short interval. Only a relatively few number of sites but that's a new implication we hadn't really considered yet 11:54:28 From Roger Ruess : Helene - yes, by mid summer when trees are dominating water budgets, its not surprising that there is a low sensitivity of soil moisture to ppt 11:56:02 From Roger Ruess : Brian - I'll send you the aspen canker paper when I send it back to the AE next week. I'd like to see Kate's Ecosphere paper 11:56:32 From Brian Buma : Sounds good. Love to read it. 11:57:25 From Brian Buma : bear baiting has impacted our study sites. pain in the butt. very friendly bears though. 11:58:26 From Michelle Cailin Mack : Do people kill and eat the baited bears? 11:59:55 From Jason Downing to Michelle Cailin Mack(Privately) : yes 12:00:04 From Jason Downing to Michelle Cailin Mack(Privately) : and wear them 12:01:41 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Amazing Mary Beth. We are seeing increased focus of AI in Arctic science and policy. Wondering if this is permeating the arts and humanities as well. 12:02:08 From Todd Brinkman : Yes, most harvested black bears (and some brown) come from bait stations. Regs require all edible meat to be salvaged in most management units. 12:02:45 From Roger Ruess : Michelle - yes, bigtime - it would be interesting to see if ADF&G has any data on BB - hunter effort, success, et al. 12:02:49 From Christa Mulder : Roger, I had to look back to Jenny's results but... it was in the earlier trials (mid-July) that drought stress affected disease rates, while in the late season (late August) drought did not matter. Complicated! 12:05:01 From Roger Ruess : Christa - yes, the graph that was suppose to be in my talk shows that VPD consistently increases canker over the summer but the effects are more variable for increases ppt - good for aspen in May, good for the canker in June, no effect in july when VPD dominates, then good for the plant again in Aug - indeed, its really complicated and a tough nut to crack 12:05:21 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : One of my favorite boreal memories is being put on the hot seat during Katie and Christa’s summer camp on the bluff. 12:05:34 From Christa Mulder : Roger, thanks! 12:06:02 From Roger Ruess : And the kids asked Merritt about the history of her love life!!!!!!!! 12:06:27 From Christa Mulder : Merritt, the kids enjoyed putting you on the hot seat! Everyone, we will be hot-seating more guest scientists this summer (in person, I hope) so come join us! 12:07:15 From Merritt Turetsky (she/her) : Rog - I think they actually asked me about my love of peat. :) 12:07:18 From Elena Sparrow : Great job Katie 12:10:04 From Todd Brinkman : Thanks 12:10:07 From Maite Agopian (she/her) : Thanks 12:10:08 From Xanthe J Walker : Thanks all 12:10:09 From Allison K Kelley (she/her) : Thank you! 12:10:09 From Mario Muscarella (he/him) : Thank you all!!! 12:10:10 From Moss (Jen) : Thanks everyone! 12:10:11 From Jeremy Pataky : Thanks, all 12:10:12 From Brody Lane Shappell : Thanks! 12:10:14 From Sean Dowgray : Thank you, all! 12:10:27 From Mark Winterstein : thanks all 12:10:30 From Elena Sparrow : Thanks Michelle, Jay ad Jason, Mary Beth 12:10:34 From jamie : thanks 12:11:26 From Jason Shabaga : If you click the 3 dots at the bottom of the chat there is an option to save as a text file. 12:11:30 From Theresa Woldstad : Thank you all