uid=BNZ,o=EDI,dc=edirepository,dc=org all public read knb-lter-bnz.66.20 John Yarie Bonanza Creek LTER

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu Bonanza Creek LTER Data Manager

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu Lola Oliver Laboratory Supervisor, Forest Soils Lab

Forest Soils Laboratory University of Alaska Fairbanks O'Neill Bldg Fairbanks AK 99775-7200 United States

(907) 474-7114 (907) 474-6184 Associated party Matthew Robertson

UAF Forest Soils Lab Fairbanks Alaska 99775 United States

(907) 474-7114 Associated party 2013-04-22 Isotope values for oxygen and hydrogen in waters provide information as to the source of the water, the climate at the time of collection, and the geographical location of the water source. Climate variations may be indicated in changes in the relationship between deuterium and 18O over an extended period. The sources and proportions of sources of ground water can be determined by isotope analysis. Rain, well and river waters were analyzed for ?18O and ?D values from LTER and LTTG sites in 2002, and LTER1, LTER2, UP2, and FP3 sites from 2003 on. Deuterium values were not replicable until the latter part of the 2005 field season and so were not reported until August, 2005. isotopes water chemistry precipitation climate Biogeochemistry

This work has been produced as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program and data users should adhere to the Data Use Agreement of the Long Term Ecological Research Network. The consumer of these data (“Data User” herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available “as is.” The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

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http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/66 Dataset geographic description information is unavailable. {datafile/geoCoverage is empty} -148.4329376 -146.826004 64.8882141 64.67834557 2002-06-09 2012-09-11

Ongoing

Bonanza Creek LTER Data Manager

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu Bonanza Creek LTER

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 Bonanza Creek LTER

Field methods: Weekly water isotope data collection began the summer of 2002. River water samples were taken upstream from the landing area at each site where river water was collected. Well water was collected when available. Wells were not emptied between collections. Rainwater was collected by funneling rain into 125ml plastic bottles that had a layer of mineral oil added to the bottom to prevent evaporation of rainwater collected. The collectors were placed next to the rain gauges in the field. Well and river samples were poured into 5 ml screw-cap glass vials for transport to the laboratory. The vials were filled to capacity to reduce evaporation. In 2003 the rainwater collection method was changed from mineral oil layered bottles under a funnel to a funnel draining into a colostomy bag. The colostomy bag had a valve that prevented air entry while allowing water to flow into the bag. Each week water was collected in a screw-top 5ml vial, and the colostomy bag was emptied completely via a stopcock at the bottom. Also in 2003, the number of collection sites was reduced to only LTER1, LTER2, the three UP2 sites, and the three FP3 sites. Water collection methods and output did not change after 2003. Lab methods: Samples were stored at 5oC until analysis, which usually occurred within a week. In 2002, prior to analysis, rainwater samples were placed into stoppered separatory funnels and allowed to settle overnight before drawing off the water from the mineral oil. Immediately after the rainwater was drawn off, all collected samples were prepared for analysis. After 2002, this separation was no longer necessary. Three each 0.5ml replicates were pipetted into 10ml exetainers for each collected sample. A glass insert with about 4mg of 5% platinum in alumina was added to each exetainer, and the exetainer was sealed with a septa lined cap that allowed for syringe sampling through a hole in the cap. Water collection methods and output in 2004 and later was the same as in 2003. Processing procedures: The standard VSMOW-SLAP factor correction for stretching-shrinking the isotopic scale was applied to all data to accommodate for under- and overestimating isotopic ratios clustered at either end of the isotopic scale.

Weekly water isotope data collection began the summer of 2002. River water samples were taken upstream from the landing area at each site where river water was collected. Well water was collected when available. Wells were not emptied between collections. Rainwater was collected by funneling rain into 125ml plastic bottles that had a layer of mineral oil added to the bottom to prevent evaporation of rainwater collected. The collectors were placed next to the rain gauges in the field. Well and river samples were poured into 5 ml screw-cap glass vials for transport to the laboratory. The vials were filled to capacity to reduce evaporation. Samples were stored at 5oC until analysis, which usually occurred within a week. Prior to analysis, rainwater samples were placed into stoppered separatory funnels and allowed to settle overnight before drawing off the water from the mineral oil. Immediately after the rainwater was drawn off, all collected samples were prepared for analysis. Three each 0.5ml replicates were pipetted into 10ml exetainers for each collected sample. A glass insert with about 4mg of 5% platinum in alumina was added to each exetainer, and the exetainer was sealed with a septa lined cap that allowed for syringe sampling through a hole in the cap. Standards that had been calibrated against NIST VSMOW, GISP and SLAP (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, Greenland Ice Sheet Precipitation and Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation, respectively) water standards were used for instrument calibration and internal standards. The samples were run on a GEOS 20-20 Europa Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer using a Gilson autosampler. The equilibration method for oxygen and hydrogen waters was used for analysis. Oxygen isotope replicates that were within �0.3 units were averaged for reporting. A replicate outside the 0.3 limit was extremely rare for oxygen. Deuterium replicates were expected to be within �6.0 units, but failed to replicate in 2002 and so were not reported. In 2003 the rainwater collection method was changed from mineral oil layered bottles under a funnel to a funnel draining into a colostomy bag. The colostomy bag had a valve that prevented air entry while allowing water to flow into the bag. Each week water was collected in a screw-top 5ml vial, and the colostomy bag was emptied completely via a stopcock at the bottom. Also in 2003, the number of collection sites was reduced to only LTER1, LTER2, the three UP2 sites, and the three FP3 sites. In 2003, the deuterium replicate still did not come within �6.0 of each other and so were not reported. Water collection methods and output in 2004 was the same as in 2003. In 2005, the deuterium analysis method was refined, and at the end of the season data replication was generally with �3.0 units, well within expected parameters, so the data was reported. -2002 Collections directly from container. Water sat open to atmosphere until collected. -2003 Collections from containers covered with film of mineral oil. -2004 Collections from colostomy bags with one-way valves. -2005 Collections from colostomy bags with one-way valves. First good deuterium results (start 8/20/05). -All samples from 2010 forward done on Picarro CRD-WS.

FSL-LTTG-1AC0 -- . Site alternate names: 1A0, 1AC0, 1AC -146.826004 -146.826004 64.8875656 64.8875656 FSL-LTTG-1AC45 -- . Site alternate names: 1A45, 1AC45 -146.8305054 -146.8305054 64.8882141 64.8882141 FSL-LTTG-1AC15 -- . Site alternate names: 1AC, 1AC15 -146.8296051 -146.8296051 64.8867188 64.8867188 FSL-LTTG-3ac -- . Site alternate names: 3AC -146.9698334 -146.9698334 64.8808136 64.8808136 FSL-LTTG-3bc -- . Site alternate names: 3BC -146.9690857 -146.9690857 64.8806992 64.8806992 FSL-LTTG-7bs -- . Site alternate names: 7mbs, 7BS -148.3083344 -148.3083344 64.7449036 64.7449036 FSL-LTTG-7ubs -- . Site alternate names: 3, 7UBS -148.2935028 -148.2935028 64.7664032 64.7664032 FSL-LTTG-8sc -- . Site alternate names: 8s, 8c, 8SC -148.4329376 -148.4329376 64.730217 64.730217 FSL-LTTG-8sc6 -- . Site alternate names: 8s6, 8SC6, 8c6 -148.4279986 -148.4279986 64.72740883 64.72740883 FSL-LTTG-8stf -- . Site alternate names: 8t, 8STF -148.4321289 -148.4321289 64.7295837 64.7295837 FSL-LTTG-8st3 -- . Site alternate names: 8s3, 8ST3, 8t3 -148.4291885 -148.4291885 64.72809484 64.72809484 FSL-LTTG-8st8 -- . Site alternate names: 8S8, 8ST8, 8T8 -148.4140834 -148.4140834 64.72704167 64.72704167 FP3A -- Mixed Balsam Poplar and White Spruce (Open Populus balsamifera-Picea glauca community). Site alternate names: 231, FSL-LD-FP3A_poplar -148.15094 -148.15094 64.72322993 64.72322993 FP3B -- Mixed Balsam Poplar and White Spruce (Open Populus balsamifera-Picea glauca community). Site alternate names: 232, FSL-LD-FP3B_poplar -148.2169588 -148.2169588 64.69355792 64.69355792 FP3C -- Mixed Balsam Poplar and White Spruce (Open Populus balsamifera-Picea glauca community). Site alternate names: 233, Eagle Site, FSL-LD-FP3C_poplar -148.2081387 -148.2081387 64.7081671 64.7081671 UP2A -- Closed Mixed White Spruce - Paper Birch Stand. Site alternate names: 121, LTER #121, FSL-LD-UP2A_birch -148.35568 -148.35568 64.69546067 64.69546067 UP2B -- Closed Mixed White Spruce - Paper Birch Stand. Site alternate names: 122, LTER #122, FSL-LD-UP2B_birch -148.3641664 -148.3641664 64.6905617 64.6905617 UP2C -- Closed Mixed Aspen - White Spruce Stand. Site alternate names: 123, FSL-LD-UP2C_aspen -148.3834237 -148.3834237 64.68927697 64.68927697 LTER1 -- 100 (LTER1) is the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest's primary upland weather station. More intensive climate data is collected at this station than the other upland stations.. Site alternate names: 100 -148.3163468 -148.3163468 64.7429558 64.7429558 LTER2 -- LTER2, the second Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest full weather station, was established to monitor the climate of the floodplain region of BCEF. This site is located adjacent to the Tanana River in BCEF.. Site alternate names: 200, LTER #200, GPIVT, Gravel Pit IV, gp4t -148.2549125 -148.2549125 64.69889576 64.69889576 FP1A -- FP1A is located on a low early successional terrace (1.8 - 2 m above winter low river level) adjacent to the Tanana River. Vegetation establishment occurred in 1982 to 1983. Significant bank erosion has occurred since the establishment of the study area, resulting in loss of some study plots.. Site alternate names: 211, GPIIC, Gravel Pit Willow, BCII, IIIAC, IIIAT, IIIBC, IIIBT -148.2576912 -148.2576912 64.69859835 64.69859835 FP2A -- FP2A is located adjacent to the LTER-2 weather station on a terrace that formed ca 1965.. Site alternate names: 221, GPIVC, GP4C, BCIV, VAC, VAT -148.2524731 -148.2524731 64.69878244 64.69878244 FP4A -- Mature white spruce. Site alternate names: 241, SMVIIIC, FSL-LD-FP4A_ws, VIIIWS, VIIIAC -148.2368605 -148.2368605 64.67878586 64.67878586 2002-06-09 2012-09-11

Collections of water samples take place weekly during the summer field season (May through September). Laboratory analysis is performed as soon as possible after sample collection.

Keith Van Cleve Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator Principal Investigator F.S. Stuart Chapin Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Department of Biology and Wildlife; Institute of Arctic Biology: University of Alaska Fairbanks 193 Arctic Health P.O. Box 757000 Fairbanks AK 99775 United States

(907) 455-6408 (907) 474-6967 terry.chapin@alaska.edu http://terrychapin.org/ Principal Investigator Roger W. Ruess Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757000 Fairbanks AK 99775-0180 United States

(907) 474-7153 (907) 474-6967 rwruess@alaska.edu http://www.iab.uaf.edu/~roger_ruess/ Principal Investigator Michelle Cailin Mack Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620 Flagstaff AZ 86011 United States

(928) 523-9415 Michelle.Mack@nau.edu https://macklab.nau.edu/ Principal Investigator NSF Grant numbers DEB-2224776, DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629 USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-20-JV-11261932-018) 66_isotope_data_bnz_rain_2002_2012.txt Isotope values for oxygen and hydrogen in waters 66_isotope_data_bnz_rain_2002_2012.txt 1 \n \n column , http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/66_isotope_data_bnz_rain_2002_2012.txt Date Date Date of Samples string yyyymmdd Source Source Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow string Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow Site Site Site ID string Site ID d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O float isotope real d SMOW D d SMOW D d SMOW D float isotope real d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D results imprecise "plus(+) or minus(-) 6" float isotope real Notes Notes Measurement notes string Measurement notes 66_isotope_data_bnz_river_2002_2012.txt Isotope values for oxygen and hydrogen in waters 66_isotope_data_bnz_river_2002_2012.txt 1 \n \n column , http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/66_isotope_data_bnz_river_2002_2012.txt Date Date Date of Samples string yyyymmdd Source Source Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow string Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow Site Site Site ID string Site ID d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O float isotope real d SMOW D d SMOW D d SMOW D float isotope real d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D results imprecise "plus(+) or minus(-) 6" float isotope real Notes Notes Measurement notes string Measurement notes 66_isotope_data_bnz_snow_2006_2012.txt Isotope values for oxygen and hydrogen in waters 66_isotope_data_bnz_snow_2006_2012.txt 1 \n \n column , http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/66_isotope_data_bnz_snow_2006_2012.txt Date Date Date of Samples string yyyymmdd Source Source Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow string Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow Site Site Site ID string Site ID d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O float isotope real d SMOW D d SMOW D d SMOW D float isotope real d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D results imprecise "plus(+) or minus(-) 6" float isotope real Notes Notes Measurement notes string Measurement notes 66_isotope_data_bnz_wells_2002_2012.txt Isotope values for oxygen and hydrogen in waters 66_isotope_data_bnz_wells_2002_2012.txt 1 \n \n column , http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/66_isotope_data_bnz_wells_2002_2012.txt Date Date Date of Samples string yyyymmdd Source Source Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow string Source of water that was sampled: Rain, Wells, River, Snow Site Site Site ID string Site ID d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O d SMOW 18O float isotope real d SMOW D d SMOW D d SMOW D float isotope real d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D +/-6 d SMOW D results imprecise "plus(+) or minus(-) 6" float isotope real Notes Notes Measurement notes string Measurement notes