uid=BNZ,o=EDI,dc=edirepository,dc=org all public read knb-lter-bnz.399.20 Hanna Lee

Department of Biology, 214 Bartram Hall, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611-8526 United States

(352) 392-9620 (352) 392-3993 hannalee@ufl.edu Edward Schuur Senior Investigator

Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620 Flagstaff AZ 86011 United States

(928) 523-8344 Ted.Schuur@nau.edu https://www2.nau.edu/schuurlab-p/ Bonanza Creek LTER

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu Bonanza Creek LTER Data Manager

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu 2009-09-02 This dataset contains CO2 concentrations, diffusion coefficient, and soil CO2 fluxes at each depth interval and soil CO2 production at each replicate. The data were collected during the growing season as well as shoulder seasons. carbon permafrost thermokarst gas well soils carbon dioxide Biogeochemistry

This work has been produced as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program and data users should adhere to the Data Use Agreement of the Long Term Ecological Research Network. The consumer of these data (“Data User” herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available “as is.” The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.

It is considered a matter of professional ethics to acknowledge the work of other scientists. Thus, the Data User should properly cite the Data Set in any publications or in the metadata of any derived data products that were produced using the Data Set. Citation should take the following general form: Creator(s), Year of Data Publication, Title of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset identifier, Dataset URL, Dataset DOI. For Example: Van Cleve, Keith; Chapin, F. Stuart; Ruess, Roger W. 2016. Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest: Hourly Temperature (sample, min, max) at 50 cm and 150 cm from 1988 to Present, Bonanza Creek LTER - University of Alaska Fairbanks. BNZ:1, http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/1. doi:10.6073/pasta/725db90d86686be13e6d6b2da5d61217.

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The Data Set has been released in the spirit of open scientific collaboration. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.

While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and documentation contained in this Data Set, complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be guaranteed. All data and metadata are made available in its present condition. The Data User holds all parties involved in the production or distribution of the Data Set harmless for damages resulting from its use or interpretation.

http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/399 Dataset geographic description information is unavailable. {datafile/geoCoverage is empty} -149.2535833 -149.2535833 63.87836111 63.87836111 2005-06-16 2007-09-23

Completed

Bonanza Creek LTER Data Manager

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 907-474-6251 uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu http://www.lter.uaf.edu Bonanza Creek LTER

Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 756780 Fairbanks AK 99775 USA

907-474-6364 Bonanza Creek LTER

This is a tundra site that shows gradient of permafrost thaw and thermokarst development.

We used soil gas wells to collect gas from the soil profile in order to estimate CO2 production from different soil layers. Gas wells were constructed from 1/8� diameter stainless steel tubing. The tubing had the length of the designated depth (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm) plus an additional 30cm for the aboveground and an additional 30 cm, which was bent into an L-shape and pushed horizontally into the face of the soil profile at designated depths within the soil profile. At the soil surface, an airtight stopcock was glued to the end of the stainless steel tubing and was kept closed, except during sampling to minimize ambient air exchange with soil gas. Gas wells had three holes near the tip that went in to the soil profile, which was wrapped around with mesh cloth to decrease the chance of clogging by soil organic matter or silt. Five gas well locations were established at each site in 2004, with each location having wells at four depths in the soil profile (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm). In 2005, we installed gas wells at 6 additional locations at each site, with each site having shorter depth intervals (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm) to obtain finer scale estimates of soil profile CO2 flux. These gas wells were left in place during the three years of study to minimize the disturbance created by installation of the gas wells. We used airtight plastic syringes to sample 20 mL of gas from each gas well. The gas wells were not purged before sampling, but we assumed that the CO2 concentration inside the tube was same as the CO2 concentrations in the soil layer because it was kept closed. The gas samples were analyzed using an injection valve and loop (Valco Instrumental Company Inc., Houston, TX, Valco 6-port injection valve, 1 mL injection loop) attached to an infrared gas analyzer (Li-820, LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, Nebraska). The injection loop attached to the infrared gas analyzer was a closed system that used a pre-existing gas scrubbed through a 1 L jar of soda lime. The loop trapped 1 mL of the injected sample, which was later mixed with larger volume of CO2-free air and circulated through an infrared gas analyzer. We used 1,000, 10,000, and 25,000 ppm certified CO2-in-air standards to generate standard curves for the samples measured with the infrared gas analyzer through the injection loop. Samples were taken weekly throughout the growing season (May to September) from 2005 to 2007 on calm mornings, to minimize pressure-driven soil gas exchange between ambient air and soil that occurs as a result of wind [Hirsch et al., 2004]. We were able to sample CO2 from deeper soil layers in the beginning of the growing season, which was taken from air pockets within frozen soil. These air pockets trapped CO2 during soil surface freeze in the fall and CO2 produced over the winter, which often contained high CO2 concentrations up to 10%. However, since these air pockets were not subject to the standard assumptions of the normal diffusion law, we did not include these measurements in the growing season soil CO2 flux estimates. On average, across years and sites, we were able to sample gas from ice-free soil starting at day of year 150 for the 10 cm depth, starting at day of year 165 for the 20 cm depth, and starting at day of year 185 for the 30 cm depth, as the seasonal thaw front descended within the active layer. At the EML gradient sites, deeper soil layers were saturated with water most of the time due to a water table that was perched on the ground ice surface. During rain events, even surface layers (10 cm) could become saturated with water. When soils were waterlogged, we collected 10 mL of soil water and mixed it with 10 mL of ambient air, shook it for 1 minute to equilibrate, then measured CO2 from the headspace of the mixed gas sample.

EML -- Tussock tundra at treeline with permafrost thaw and thermokarst. This site is in the Eight Mile Lake Watershed, west of the town of Healy on Stampede Road, Interior Alaska. This area contains three sites on a permafrost thaw gradient and a nearby experimental snow fence manipulation.. Site alternate names: -149.239569 -149.239569 63.880708 63.880708 2005-06-16 2007-09-23

Weekly

Keith Van Cleve Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator Principal Investigator F.S. Stuart Chapin Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Department of Biology and Wildlife; Institute of Arctic Biology: University of Alaska Fairbanks 193 Arctic Health P.O. Box 757000 Fairbanks AK 99775 United States

(907) 455-6408 (907) 474-6967 terry.chapin@alaska.edu http://terrychapin.org/ Principal Investigator Roger W. Ruess Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757000 Fairbanks AK 99775-0180 United States

(907) 474-7153 (907) 474-6967 rwruess@alaska.edu http://www.iab.uaf.edu/~roger_ruess/ Principal Investigator Michelle Cailin Mack Bonanza Creek LTER Lead Principal Investigator

Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620 Flagstaff AZ 86011 United States

(928) 523-9415 Michelle.Mack@nau.edu https://macklab.nau.edu/ Principal Investigator NSF Grant numbers DEB-2224776, DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629 USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-20-JV-11261932-018) 399_Lee_Gaswell.txt This dataset contains CO2 concentrations, diffusion coefficient, and soil CO2 fluxes at each depth interval and soil CO2 production at each replicate. 399_Lee_Gaswell.txt 1 \n \n column , http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/399_Lee_Gaswell.txt Year Year Year integer yyyy real Site Site Three EML sites string Three EML sites Well# Well# Different locations of sampling string Different locations of sampling DOY DOY Day of Year sampled integer dayofyear real CO2_conc_0 CO2_conc_0 CO2 concentrations in air float CO2 concentrations in air -9999 Missing Value CO2_conc_10 CO2_conc_10 CO2 concentrations sampled at 10cm depth float CO2 concentrations sampled at 10cm depth -9999 Missing Value CO2_conc_20 CO2_conc_20 CO2 concentrations sampled at 20cm depth float CO2 concentrations sampled at 20cm depth -9999 Missing Value CO2_conc_30 CO2_conc_30 CO2 concentrations sampled at 30cm depth float CO2 concentrations sampled at 30cm depth -9999 Missing Value Diff_coef_0-10 Diff_coef_0-10 Diffusion coefficient estimated for 0-10cm float Diffusion coefficient estimated for 0-10cm 0 Missing Value Diff_coef_10-20 Diff_coef_10-20 Diffusion coefficient estimated for 10-20cm float Diffusion coefficient estimated for 10-20cm 0 Missing Value Diff_coef_20-30 Diff_coef_20-30 Diffusion coefficient estimated for 20-30cm float Diffusion coefficient estimated for 20-30cm 0 Missing Value CO2_flux_0-10 CO2_flux_0-10 CO2 flux at 0-10 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths float CO2 flux at 0-10 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths 0 Missing Value CO2_flux_10-20 CO2_flux_10-20 CO2 flux at 10-20 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths float CO2 flux at 10-20 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths 0 Missing Value CO2_flux_20-30 CO2_flux_20-30 CO2 flux at 20-30 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths float CO2 flux at 20-30 = Diffusion coefficient * CO2 concentrations difference between two depths 0 Missing Value CO2_prod_0-20 CO2_prod_0-20 CO2 production at 0-20 = difference between two fluxes float CO2 production at 0-20 = difference between two fluxes 0 Missing Value CO2_prod_10-30 CO2_prod_10-30 CO2 production at 0-20 = difference between two fluxes float CO2 production at 0-20 = difference between two fluxes 0 Missing Value Soil_CO2_prod Soil_CO2_prod Sum of profile CO2 production float Sum of profile CO2 production 0 Missing Value