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<principal>public</principal>
<permission>read</permission>
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<dataset>
<shortName>knb-lter-bnz.229.21</shortName>
<title>Black spruce needle nitrogen concentration from 5 stands in 1999</title>
<creator>
<individualName>
<givenName>Anthony</givenName>
<givenName>David</givenName>
<surName>McGuire</surName>
</individualName>
<positionName>Co-Principal Investigator</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit University of Alaska  Fairbanks  Irving I Building</deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK </administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>United States</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">(907) 474-6242</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">(907) 474-7872</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>admcguire@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://people.iab.uaf.edu/dave_mcguire</onlineUrl>
</creator>
<creator>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit </deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>University of Alaska Fairbanks</deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>P.O. Box 756780 </deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK</administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>USA</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">907-474-6364</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">907-474-6251</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://www.lter.uaf.edu</onlineUrl>
</creator>
<metadataProvider>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit </deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>University of Alaska Fairbanks</deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>P.O. Box 756780 </deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK</administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>USA</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">907-474-6364</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">907-474-6251</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://www.lter.uaf.edu</onlineUrl>
</metadataProvider>
<associatedParty>
<individualName>
<givenName>Joy</givenName>
<surName>Clein</surName>
</individualName>
<positionName>Research Professional</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Institute of Arctic Biology  University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757000</deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK </administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775-7000</postalCode>
<country>United States</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">(907) 474-5660</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">(907) 474-6967</phone>
<role>Associated party</role>
</associatedParty>
<pubDate>2007-01-01</pubDate>
<abstract>
<para>We collected black spruce needle from several sites located near Fairbanks Ak, and Delta, Ak in August 1999 (Sites designated here as S1, S2, and S3) were located in Fairbanks (64o40?N, 148o15?W), Alaska (S1: 64o52.164? N, 147o51.462? W; S2: 64o52.058? N, 147o51.378? W; S3: 64o51.603? N, 147o52.789? W) with 2 additional sites (S4, S5) in Delta, Alaska (64010? N, 145030? W).  In each stand, 30 trees were randomly selected for sampling. Within each tree, five shoots were collected from the southern aspect of the mid-canopy height from each of the following age classes: 0-, 1-, 4-, 9-, and 19-years old. In two of the Fairbanks stands (S2, S3), 19-year old needles were not present. A total of 690 samples over the five stands include 150 samples per stand in three stands (S1, S4, S5) and 120 samples per stand in the other two stands (S2, S3). Needles were returned to the lab and nitrogen content was determined.  We used a three-factor nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate differences in needle N concentration among the ages of needles on a tree, among trees nested within a stand, and among stands. Ages and stands were treated as fixed factors and tree was treated as a random factor. The ANOVA and means testing for these differences used Proc GLM in the SAS statistical package with needle N content as the dependent variable and needle age, tree, and stand as independent variables. The GLM procedure handled the problem of missing treatment combinations within the ANOVA. Type III sum of squares was used to test the effects of factors without interactions
</para>
</abstract>
<keywordSet>
<keyword>black spruce</keyword>
<keyword>Fairbanks</keyword>
<keyword>nitrogen</keyword>
<keywordThesaurus>Biogeochemistry</keywordThesaurus>
</keywordSet>
<intellectualRights>
<section>
<title>Data Use</title>
<para>This work has been produced as part of the Long Term Ecological Research Program and data users should adhere to the Data Use Agreement of the Long Term Ecological Research Network. The consumer of these data (“Data User” herein) has an ethical obligation to cite it appropriately in any publication that results from its use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or coauthorship with the authors. The Data User should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available “as is.” The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. Thank you.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Citation</title>
<para>It is considered a matter of professional ethics to acknowledge the work of other scientists. Thus, the Data User should properly cite the Data Set in any publications or in the metadata of any derived data products that were produced using the Data Set. Citation should take the following general form: Creator(s), Year of Data Publication, Title of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset identifier, Dataset URL, Dataset DOI.  For Example:   Van Cleve, Keith; Chapin, F. Stuart; Ruess, Roger W. 2016. Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest: Hourly Temperature (sample, min, max) at 50 cm and 150 cm from 1988 to Present, Bonanza Creek LTER - University of Alaska Fairbanks. BNZ:1, http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/1. doi:10.6073/pasta/725db90d86686be13e6d6b2da5d61217.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Acknowledgement</title>
<para>The Data User should acknowledge any institutional support or specific funding awards referenced in the metadata accompanying this dataset in any publications where the Data Set contributed significantly to its content. Acknowledgements should identify the supporting party, the party that received the support, and any identifying information such as grant numbers. For example: Data are provided by the Bonanza Creek LTER, a partnership between the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the U.S. Forest Service. Significant funding for collection of these data was provided by the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research program (NSF Grant numbers   DEB-2224776, DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629) and by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-20-JV-11261932-018).</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Notification</title>
<para>The Data User will notify the Data Set Contact when any derivative work or publication based on or derived from the Data Set is distributed.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Collaboration</title>
<para>The Data Set has been released in the spirit of open scientific collaboration. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Disclaimer</title>
<para>While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and documentation contained in this Data Set, complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be guaranteed. All data and metadata are made available in its present condition. The Data User holds all parties involved in the production or distribution of the Data Set harmless for damages resulting from its use or interpretation.</para>
</section>
<!--No additional acknowledgements found in database (datafile/intellectual_rights)-->
</intellectualRights>
<distribution id="distributionReference">
<online>
<url function="information">http://www.lter.uaf.edu/data/data-detail/id/229</url>
</online>
</distribution>
<coverage>
<geographicCoverage id="geoReference">
<geographicDescription>Dataset geographic description information is unavailable. {datafile/geoCoverage is empty}</geographicDescription>
<boundingCoordinates>
<westBoundingCoordinate>-147.8798</westBoundingCoordinate>
<eastBoundingCoordinate>-145.5</eastBoundingCoordinate>
<northBoundingCoordinate>64.8694</northBoundingCoordinate>
<southBoundingCoordinate>64.1667</southBoundingCoordinate>
</boundingCoordinates>
</geographicCoverage>
<temporalCoverage>
<rangeOfDates>
<beginDate>
<calendarDate>1999-06-01</calendarDate>
</beginDate>
<endDate>
<calendarDate>1999-09-01</calendarDate>
</endDate>
</rangeOfDates>
</temporalCoverage>
</coverage>
<maintenance>
<description>
<section>
<title>Status</title>
<para>Completed</para>
</section>
</description>
</maintenance>
<contact>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit </deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>University of Alaska Fairbanks</deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>P.O. Box 756780 </deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK</administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>USA</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">907-474-6364</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">907-474-6251</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>uaf-bnz-im-team@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://www.lter.uaf.edu</onlineUrl>
</contact>
<publisher>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Boreal Ecology Cooperative Research Unit </deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>University of Alaska Fairbanks</deliveryPoint>
<deliveryPoint>P.O. Box 756780 </deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK</administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>USA</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">907-474-6364</phone>
</publisher>
<pubPlace>Bonanza Creek LTER</pubPlace>
<methods>
<methodStep>
<description>
<section>
<title>Methods</title>
<para>Field methods: Samples were collected from all 5 sites. In each stand, 30 trees were randomly selected for sampling. Within each tree, five shoots were collected from the southern aspect of the mid-canopy height from each of the following age classes: 0-, 1-, 4-, 9-, and 19-years old. In two of the Fairbanks stands (S2, S3), 19-year old needles were not present. A total of 690 samples over the five stands include 150 samples per stand in three stands (S1, S4, S5) and 120 samples per stand in the other two stands (S2, S3).  Lab methods:	Samples were oven dried at 50 degC for three to five days, and needles were removed from shoots, weighed, ground through a 20 um mesh screen, and analyzed for total N on a LECO 2000 CNS Autoanalyzer (St. Joseph, Michigan).  We used a three-factor nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate differences in needle N concentration among the ages of needles on a tree, among trees nested within a stand, and among stands. Ages and stands were treated as fixed factors and tree was treated as a random factor. The ANOVA and means testing for these differences used Proc GLM in the SAS statistical package with needle N content as the dependent variable and needle age, tree, and stand as independent variables. The GLM procedure handled the problem of missing treatment combinations within the ANOVA. Type III sum of squares was used to test the effects of factors without interactions.</para>
</section>
</description>
</methodStep>
<sampling>
<studyExtent>
<coverage>
<temporalCoverage>
<rangeOfDates>
<beginDate>
<calendarDate>1999-06-01</calendarDate>
</beginDate>
<endDate>
<calendarDate>1999-09-01</calendarDate>
</endDate>
</rangeOfDates>
</temporalCoverage>
</coverage>
</studyExtent>
<samplingDescription>
<section>
<title>Sampling Frequency</title>
<para>once</para>
</section>
</samplingDescription>
</sampling>
</methods>
<project>
<title>The Bonanza Creek LTER</title>
<personnel id="VanCleveID">
<individualName>
<givenName>Keith</givenName>
<surName>Van Cleve</surName>
</individualName>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Lead Principal Investigator</positionName>
<role>Principal Investigator</role>
</personnel>
<personnel id="ChapinID">
<individualName>
<givenName>F.S.</givenName>
<givenName>Stuart</givenName>
<surName>Chapin</surName>
</individualName>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Lead Principal Investigator</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Department of Biology and Wildlife;  Institute of Arctic Biology:  University of Alaska Fairbanks 193 Arctic Health P.O. Box 757000</deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK </administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775</postalCode>
<country>United States</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">(907) 455-6408</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">(907) 474-6967</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>terry.chapin@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://terrychapin.org/</onlineUrl>
<role>Principal Investigator</role>
</personnel>
<personnel id="RuessID">
<individualName>
<givenName>Roger</givenName>
<givenName>W.</givenName>
<surName>Ruess</surName>
</individualName>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Lead Principal Investigator</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Institute of Arctic Biology  University of Alaska Fairbanks P.O. Box 757000</deliveryPoint>
<city>Fairbanks</city>
<administrativeArea>AK </administrativeArea>
<postalCode>99775-0180</postalCode>
<country>United States</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">(907) 474-7153</phone>
<phone phonetype="fax">(907) 474-6967</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>rwruess@alaska.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>http://www.iab.uaf.edu/~roger_ruess/</onlineUrl>
<role>Principal Investigator</role>
</personnel>
<personnel id="MackID">
<individualName>
<givenName>Michelle</givenName>
<givenName>Cailin</givenName>
<surName>Mack</surName>
</individualName>
<organizationName>Bonanza Creek LTER</organizationName>
<positionName>Lead Principal Investigator</positionName>
<address>
<deliveryPoint>Northern Arizona University: Ecosystem Science and Society Center (ECOSS) PO Box 5620</deliveryPoint>
<city>Flagstaff</city>
<administrativeArea>AZ </administrativeArea>
<postalCode>86011</postalCode>
<country>United States</country>
</address>
<phone phonetype="voice">(928) 523-9415</phone>
<electronicMailAddress>Michelle.Mack@nau.edu</electronicMailAddress>
<onlineUrl>https://macklab.nau.edu/</onlineUrl>
<role>Principal Investigator</role>
</personnel>
<funding>
<para>NSF Grant numbers  DEB-2224776, DEB-1636476, DEB-1026415, DEB-0620579, DEB-0423442, DEB-0080609, DEB-9810217, DEB-9211769, DEB-8702629</para>
<para>USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station (Agreement # RJVA-PNW-20-JV-11261932-018)</para>
</funding>
</project>
<dataTable>
<entityName>5standsN.txt</entityName>
<entityDescription>Black spruce needles were collected and analyzed for nitrogen content.</entityDescription>
<physical>
<objectName>5standsN.txt</objectName>
<dataFormat>
<textFormat>
<numHeaderLines>1</numHeaderLines>
<recordDelimiter>\n</recordDelimiter>
<physicalLineDelimiter>\n</physicalLineDelimiter>
<attributeOrientation>column</attributeOrientation>
<simpleDelimited>
<fieldDelimiter>,</fieldDelimiter>
</simpleDelimited>
</textFormat>
</dataFormat>
<distribution>
<online>
<url function="download">http://www.lter.uaf.edu/php/download_data.php?f=/ascii/files/5standsN.txt</url>
</online>
</distribution>
</physical>
<attributeList>
<attribute>
<attributeName>Stand</attributeName>
<attributeLabel>Stand</attributeLabel>
<attributeDefinition>Stand</attributeDefinition>
<storageType>integer</storageType>
<measurementScale>
<nominal>
<nonNumericDomain>
<textDomain>
<definition>Stand<!--warning: used the attribute (variable) name as definition and description. it would be better to provide a better description in the DB (datafilevariables/description) or code and code defintion DB  (datafilevaribles/valucodes) with structured code and code-definition pairs (i.e; code=definition-of-code, code2=definition-of-code2) the pairs must be comma separated--></definition>
</textDomain>
</nonNumericDomain>
</nominal>
</measurementScale>
<!--No missing value/character in database (datafilevarible/errorcode)-->
</attribute>
<attribute>
<attributeName>needleage</attributeName>
<attributeLabel>needleage</attributeLabel>
<attributeDefinition>needleage</attributeDefinition>
<storageType>integer</storageType>
<measurementScale>
<nominal>
<nonNumericDomain>
<textDomain>
<definition>needleage<!--warning: used the attribute (variable) name as definition and description. it would be better to provide a better description in the DB (datafilevariables/description) or code and code defintion DB  (datafilevaribles/valucodes) with structured code and code-definition pairs (i.e; code=definition-of-code, code2=definition-of-code2) the pairs must be comma separated--></definition>
</textDomain>
</nonNumericDomain>
</nominal>
</measurementScale>
<!--No missing value/character in database (datafilevarible/errorcode)-->
</attribute>
<attribute>
<attributeName>Tree#</attributeName>
<attributeLabel>Tree#</attributeLabel>
<attributeDefinition>Tree#</attributeDefinition>
<storageType>integer</storageType>
<measurementScale>
<nominal>
<nonNumericDomain>
<textDomain>
<definition>Tree#<!--warning: used the attribute (variable) name as definition and description. it would be better to provide a better description in the DB (datafilevariables/description) or code and code defintion DB  (datafilevaribles/valucodes) with structured code and code-definition pairs (i.e; code=definition-of-code, code2=definition-of-code2) the pairs must be comma separated--></definition>
</textDomain>
</nonNumericDomain>
</nominal>
</measurementScale>
<!--No missing value/character in database (datafilevarible/errorcode)-->
</attribute>
<attribute>
<attributeName>N(%)</attributeName>
<attributeLabel>N(%)</attributeLabel>
<attributeDefinition>N(%)</attributeDefinition>
<storageType>float</storageType>
<measurementScale>
<ratio>
<unit>
<standardUnit>dimensionless</standardUnit>
</unit>
<numericDomain>
<numberType>real</numberType>
<!--No minimum value recorded in database (datafilevaribles/minvalid)-->
</numericDomain>
</ratio>
</measurementScale>
<!--No missing value/character in database (datafilevarible/errorcode)-->
</attribute>
</attributeList>
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